With an increase in online services, having a user friendly and safe national eID solution is becoming more and more important. Different approaches to provide this exist, and especially the role of government is very different between countries. In this panel experts from different European countries and the US will debate if a national eID should be provided by the government (e.g., German ePA, Dutch DigiD) or within a trust framework (e.g., Sweden BankID, Dutch eRecognition, US ICAM/OIX). A trust framework is a set of rules, including governance of these rules, for private parties to compete with each other to offer eID services. This panel will discuss privacy aspects, trust issues, business models and security issues.