Governments everywhere issue passports and other offline identities, to be used to identify to governments and businesses. For the online world this however differs per country. Two approaches however are popular: government issued eID’s and market issued eID within a government regulated trust frameworks. This presentation presents use cases from different European countries and the USA, discusses how they fit in these models, and how successful they are. Based on these use cases, success factors are derived for national eID solutions. These success factors were input to a Dutch project consortium project called cidSafe to study the feasibility of a Dutch trust framework for consumer-2-business identity for, initially, the financial sector. The outcome and lessons learned for this project are presented, including the importance of involvement of banks, business model challenges, branding issues, privacy and the role of government.